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Go to help center to learn more           (https://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/Img/apple-touch-icon.png?v=c78bd457575a) (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49293967/how-to-pass-environment-variable-to-docker-compose-up) How to pass environment variable to docker-compose up  (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/ask) Ask Question     (2018-03-15 07:44:48Z) Asked 7 years, 5 months ago  Modified (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49293967/how-to-pass-environment-variable-to-docker-compose-up?lastactivity) (2024-12-13 01:44:49Z) 8 months ago  (Viewed 252,757 times) Viewed 253k times       This question shows research effort; it is useful and clear 187  (This question does not show any research effort; it is unclear or not useful)         Save this question. (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49293967/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   I am trying to run a container. I already have the image uploaded to private Docker registry. I want to write a compose file to download and deploy the image. But I want to pass the TAG name as a variable from the docker-compose run command.My compose file looks like below. How can I pass the value for KB_DB_TAG_VERSION as part of docker-compose up command? version: '3' services: db: #build: k-db user: "1000:50" volumes: - /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql container_name: k-db environment: - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes image: XX:$KB_DB_TAG_VERSION image: k-db ports: - "3307:3306"    (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker) (show questions tagged 'docker') docker  (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/docker-compose) (show questions tagged 'docker-compose') docker-compose  (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/dockerfile) (show questions tagged 'dockerfile') dockerfile  (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/environment-variables) (show questions tagged 'environment-variables') environment-variables      (https://stackoverflow.com/q/49293967) (Short permalink to this question) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49293967/edit) Improve this question  Follow  Follow this question to receive notifications      (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49293967/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2024-12-13 01:44:49Z) Dec 13, 2024 at 1:44    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/56083/jay-prall) (Jay Prall's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/56083/jay-prall) Jay Prall (reputation score) 5,495 (5 gold badges)  5  5 gold badges (54 silver badges)  54  54 silver badges (82 bronze badges)  82  82 bronze badges     asked (2018-03-15 07:44:48Z) Mar 15, 2018 at 7:44   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3746601/abhi-g) (Abhi.G's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3746601/abhi-g) Abhi.G Abhi.G (reputation score) 2,291 (5 gold badges)  5  5 gold badges (24 silver badges)  24  24 silver badges (40 bronze badges)  40  40 bronze badges          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid answering questions in comments.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)        8 Answers 8   Sorted by:  (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49293967/how-to-pass-environment-variable-to-docker-compose-up?answertab=scoredesc#tab-top) Reset to default   (scoredesc) Highest score (default)  (trending) Trending (recent votes count more)  (modifieddesc) Date modified (newest first)  (createdasc) Date created (oldest first)            This answer is useful 227  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)     (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/50991623/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   You have two options (option 2. overrides 1. ): Create the (https://docs.docker.com/compose/env-file/) .env file as already suggested in another (https://stackoverflow.com/a/49294173/3937850) answer .  Prepend KEY=VALUE pair(s) to your docker-compose command, e.g: KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0 docker-compose up   Exporting it earlier in a script should also work, e.g.: export KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0 docker-compose up     Keep in mind that these options just pass an environment varible to the docker-compose.yml file, not to a container. For an environment variable to be actually passed to a container you always need something like this in your docker-compose.yml : environment: - KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=$KB_DB_TAG_VERSION     (https://stackoverflow.com/a/50991623) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/50991623/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/50991623/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2023-08-13 12:47:36Z) Aug 13, 2023 at 12:47         answered (2018-06-22 15:54:26Z) Jun 22, 2018 at 15:54   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3937850/jakub-kukul) (Jakub Kukul's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3937850/jakub-kukul) Jakub Kukul Jakub Kukul (reputation score 14,912) 14.9k (4 gold badges)  4  4 gold badges (60 silver badges)  60  60 silver badges (60 bronze badges)  60  60 bronze badges        6 (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 51   KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0 docker-compose up, Only works if in docker-compose.yml in environment: KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=$KB_DB_TAG_VERSION – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/4999256/fadi-bakoura) (311 reputation) Fadi Bakoura  Commented (2019-07-31 06:22:48Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Jul 31, 2019 at 6:22      (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 130   How wierd that the -e flag is missing. It's there for docker-compose run . Well well. – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/1983554/karl-pokus) (820 reputation) Karl Pokus  Commented (2019-09-24 09:08:37Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Sep 24, 2019 at 9:08      (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 3   Prepending a variable seems to override the version given in the .env. (So prepending can be used to do try ad hoc changes without changing the .env) – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/1879728/vlz) (1,058 reputation) vlz  Commented (2020-05-08 12:30:29Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) May 8, 2020 at 12:30      (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 5   This doesn't work on Windows CMD or PowerShell – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/1720943/slav) (27,535 reputation) Slav  Commented (2022-10-06 15:49:47Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Oct 6, 2022 at 15:49      (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 1   @KarlPokus "How wierd that the -e flag is missing" - I guess that's because up applies to all containers and there could be arbitrary numbers of containers you're passing the same env var to. For an alternative where you can still use the command line, see my answer: (https://stackoverflow.com/a/74069689/28190) stackoverflow.com/a/74069689/28190  – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/28190/dan-gravell) (8,345 reputation) Dan Gravell  Commented (2022-10-14 13:06:02Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Oct 14, 2022 at 13:06        (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.)  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post) Show 1 more comment           This answer is useful 71  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49294173/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   You can create a (https://docs.docker.com/compose/env-file/) .env  file on the directory where you execute the docker-compose up command (and your docker-compose.yml file is located) with the following content: KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0   Your docker-compose.yml file should look like the following (added { and } ): version: '3' services: db: user: "1000:50" volumes: - /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql container_name: k-db environment: - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes image: XX:${KB_DB_TAG_VERSION} image: k-db ports: - "3307:3306"   After making the above changes , check whether the changes are reflected or not using the command docker-compose config . The variable will be replaced by the variable value. Please refer to the page (https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#variable-substitution) here to understand more about variable replacement.   (https://stackoverflow.com/a/49294173) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49294173/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/49294173/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2019-12-03 11:22:35Z) Dec 3, 2019 at 11:22    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/5014859/shubhanshu-rastogi) (Shubhanshu Rastogi's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/5014859/shubhanshu-rastogi) Shubhanshu Rastogi (reputation score) 2,433 (2 gold badges)  2  2 gold badges (22 silver badges)  22  22 silver badges (33 bronze badges)  33  33 bronze badges     answered (2018-03-15 08:00:35Z) Mar 15, 2018 at 8:00   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3840840/sebastian-brosch) (Sebastian Brosch's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3840840/sebastian-brosch) Sebastian Brosch Sebastian Brosch (reputation score 43,744) 43.7k (15 gold badges)  15  15 gold badges (78 silver badges)  78  78 silver badges (89 bronze badges)  89  89 bronze badges        6   When I try this option I see that additional "+" is being added. XX:+kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0 – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3746601/abhi-g) (2,291 reputation) Abhi.G  Commented (2018-03-15 09:36:49Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0) Mar 15, 2018 at 9:36   (this comment was edited 1 time)          You don't want to set the additional + ? Which value should be set? – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3840840/sebastian-brosch) (43,744 reputation) Sebastian Brosch  Commented (2018-03-15 10:02:04Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0) Mar 15, 2018 at 10:02        I want it to be XX:kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0 not XX:+kb-1.3.20-v1.0.0. I dont want the "+". – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3746601/abhi-g) (2,291 reputation) Abhi.G  Commented (2018-03-20 05:04:46Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0) Mar 20, 2018 at 5:04        Quick hint, in my case I had the .env file named .env.dev and referenced inside the env_file attribute in docker-compose.yml and could not use ${variable} option inside docker-compose. Renaming my .env.dev file to just .env as stated here did the trick. – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3802757/alfredo-rodriguez) (1,223 reputation) Alfredo Rodriguez  Commented (2022-09-05 17:35:30Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Sep 5, 2022 at 17:35   (this comment was edited 2 times)          This is really This is really weird, ${XXX} doesn't work under my .env, $XXX does. Wait ...... It works now, if it doesn't, restart your shell ...... – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/9455130/jay) (862 reputation) Jay  Commented (2022-11-30 05:42:13Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Nov 30, 2022 at 5:42   (this comment was edited 1 time)          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.)  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post) Show 1 more comment          This answer is useful 24  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/67585565/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   Just to supplement what has been outlined by others, in particular by @JakubKukul For security purposes you probably wouldn't want to keep vulnerable information such as username/password in your docker-compose files if they're under version control. You can map environment variables that you have on your host to environment variables inside container as well. In this case it could be something like the following: version: '3' services: db: #build: k-db user: "1000:50" volumes: - /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql container_name: k-db environment: - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes - MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD} image: XX:$KB_DB_TAG_VERSION image: k-db ports: - "3307:3306"   where MYSQL_PASSWORD would be both: An environment variable on your host (maybe just in the current shell session) An environment variable inside the containers from the db service    (https://stackoverflow.com/a/67585565) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/67585565/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      answered (2021-05-18 11:48:23Z) May 18, 2021 at 11:48   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3264147/vasigorc) (vasigorc's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3264147/vasigorc) vasigorc vasigorc (reputation score) 992 (11 silver badges)  11  11 silver badges (27 bronze badges)  27  27 bronze badges          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)           This answer is useful 14  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/74069689/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   It's possible to pass environment variables to containers on the command line without specifying the values in files. Add an environment key with the variable's name only (no value or assignment operator) on the container's service definition in the docker-compose file: db: ... environment: - KB_DB_TAG_VERSION   Used in that way, with no assignment, means that docker-compose will look up the environment variable in the current environment/shell: KB_DB_TAG_VERSION=mytagversion docker-compose up   Ref: (https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/#pass-environment-variables-to-containers) https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/#pass-environment-variables-to-containers    (https://stackoverflow.com/a/74069689) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/74069689/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      answered (2022-10-14 13:04:51Z) Oct 14, 2022 at 13:04   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/28190/dan-gravell) (Dan Gravell's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/28190/dan-gravell) Dan Gravell Dan Gravell (reputation score) 8,345 (7 gold badges)  7  7 gold badges (46 silver badges)  46  46 silver badges (72 bronze badges)  72  72 bronze badges        0  (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)          This answer is useful 14  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/75282651/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   docker-compose --env-file .\.env up   (https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/) https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/    (https://stackoverflow.com/a/75282651) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/75282651/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/75282651/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2023-01-30 09:51:56Z) Jan 30, 2023 at 9:51    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/5211833/adriaan) (Adriaan's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/5211833/adriaan) Adriaan (reputation score 18,200) 18.2k (7 gold badges)  7  7 gold badges (47 silver badges)  47  47 silver badges (88 bronze badges)  88  88 bronze badges     answered (2023-01-30 09:50:13Z) Jan 30, 2023 at 9:50   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/21109613/riyaj9993) (riyaj9993's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/21109613/riyaj9993) riyaj9993 riyaj9993 (reputation score) 149 (1 silver badge)  1  1 silver badge (2 bronze badges)  2  2 bronze badges          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)          This answer is useful 2  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/77521993/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   The (https://docs.docker.com/compose/environment-variables/set-environment-variables/) doc that you can declare the env file in compose - web: env_file: - web-variables.env     (https://stackoverflow.com/a/77521993) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/77521993/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      answered (2023-11-21 10:17:22Z) Nov 21, 2023 at 10:17   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/17402986/ashraf-minhaj) (ashraf minhaj's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/17402986/ashraf-minhaj) ashraf minhaj ashraf minhaj (reputation score) 1,197 (8 silver badges)  8  8 silver badges (26 bronze badges)  26  26 bronze badges          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)          This answer is useful 1  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/74885856/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   For Windows, instead of export, use: $env.KB_DB_TAG_VERSION = "1.3.20-v1.0.0" docker-compose up     (https://stackoverflow.com/a/74885856) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/74885856/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      answered (2022-12-22 08:23:09Z) Dec 22, 2022 at 8:23   (https://stackoverflow.com/users/2779402/matan-dobrushin) (Matan Dobrushin's user avatar)    (https://stackoverflow.com/users/2779402/matan-dobrushin) Matan Dobrushin Matan Dobrushin (reputation score) 305 (3 silver badges)  3  3 silver badges (11 bronze badges)  11  11 bronze badges          (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)          This answer is useful -4  (This answer is not useful)         Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…)  (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/56357823/timeline)    Show activity on this post.   In your docker-compose.yml file add  env_file: - .env_file   to your db service where .env_file is your .env file (change its name accordingly). version: '3' services: db: #build: k-db user: "1000:50" volumes: - /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql container_name: k-db env_file: - .env_file environment: - MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes image: XX:$KB_DB_TAG_VERSION image: k-db ports: - "3307:3306"     (https://stackoverflow.com/a/56357823) (Short permalink to this answer) Share   (https://stackoverflow.com/posts/56357823/edit) Improve this answer  Follow  Follow this answer to receive notifications      answered (2019-05-29 09:56:03Z) May 29, 2019 at 9:56     user1734227user1734227        1 (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 23   THIS IS WRONG!  Read the docs. env_file: defines runtime envars, not build-time! By default, docker-compose will parse a .env file (HAS to be named .env this is not parametrable apparently) into build-time environment. In that case however, the fact that you declared it under env_file: .env or not is completely irrelevant - docker-compose looks for it anyways. So it will SEEM like your answer works, but in fact doesn't. Those looking for built-time envars should read the other answer. – (https://stackoverflow.com/users/3633696/logiconabstractions) (2,670 reputation) logicOnAbstractions  Commented (2021-03-17 15:38:48Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) Mar 17, 2021 at 15:38        (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment  |  (Expand to show all comments on this post)         (https://stackoverflow.com/help/privileges/protect-questions) Protected question  . To answer this question, you need to have at least 10 reputation on this site (not counting the (https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/141648/what-is-the-association-bonus-and-how-does-it-work) association bonus ). 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