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Save this post for later Not now (https://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/stackoverflow/Img/apple-touch-icon.png?v=c78bd457575a) (/questions/5877929/what-does-upstream-mean-in-nginx) What does upstream mean in nginx? (/questions/ask) Ask Question (2011-05-04 02:47:25Z) Asked 13 years, 11 months ago Modified (?lastactivity) (2021-09-22 10:35:08Z) 3 years, 6 months ago (Viewed 260,902 times) Viewed 261k times This question shows research effort; it is useful and clear (69:3:31e,16:2c9ba1a6b60caddf,10:1745006149,16:8317f308c01fbda6,7:5877929,a80f94cc645a3a8f2b8bfabd1a2bd97ff3ff632b90441c1812e2fcd14079764e) 266 (This question does not show any research effort; it is unclear or not useful) (69:3:31e,16:5966884a01025934,10:1745006149,16:8f4a4f7358d85082,7:5877929,30777def6a14219d118f41f36a6b9294345d58616d2dcc4bc480e9e413a3c40b) Save this question. (/posts/5877929/timeline) Show activity on this post. upstream app_front_static { server 192.168.206.105:80; } Never seen it before, anyone knows, what it means? (/questions/tagged/nginx) (show questions tagged 'nginx') nginx (/questions/tagged/configuration) (show questions tagged 'configuration') configuration (/q/5877929) (Short permalink to this question) Share Share a link to this question Copy link (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) (The current license for this post: CC BY-SA 3.0) CC BY-SA 3.0 (/posts/5877929/edit) () Improve this question Follow (69:3:31e,16:1dfb3832ccc68255,10:1745006149,16:35b7e8ef893a1093,7:5877929,23bca45947d9b60f50cdf7a04763d0c09fa3daf83cd565a91ee1ee1c4f52318b) Follow this question to receive notifications (/posts/5877929/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2016-02-17 16:01:06Z) Feb 17, 2016 at 16:01 (/users/2019043/automatix) (automatix's user avatar) (/users/2019043/automatix) automatix (reputation score 14,592) 14.6k (31 gold badges) 31 31 gold badges (118 silver badges) 118 118 silver badges (245 bronze badges) 245 245 bronze badges asked (2011-05-04 02:47:25Z) May 4, 2011 at 2:47 (/users/681256/gdb) (gdb's user avatar) (/users/681256/gdb) gdb gdb (reputation score) 7,819 (13 gold badges) 13 13 gold badges (41 silver badges) 41 41 silver badges (37 bronze badges) 37 37 bronze badges (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid answering questions in comments.) Add a comment | (Expand to show all comments on this post) 3 Answers 3 Sorted by: (/questions/5877929/what-does-upstream-mean-in-nginx?answertab=scoredesc#tab-top) Reset to default (scoredesc) Highest score (default) (trending) Trending (recent votes count more) (modifieddesc) Date modified (newest first) (createdasc) Date created (oldest first) This answer is useful (69:3:31e,16:4844723e29807f14,10:1745006149,16:efa71a6c9163d11c,7:5877989,4beaae683e2290c280095bdacc8912036d772c71fe2e2f7e25a73796b19c4c95) 281 (This answer is not useful) (69:3:31e,16:36fd4ff4fde8ace7,10:1745006149,16:86d72cbe7ee537ca,7:5877989,6c04ff84996505446100cce558bfcbf141c7c5790a70440df5fe8861b173f622) Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…) (/posts/5877989/timeline) Show activity on this post. It's used for (http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_upstream_module.html) proxying requests to other servers . An example from (http://wiki.nginx.org/LoadBalanceExample) http://wiki.nginx.org/LoadBalanceExample is: http { upstream myproject { server 127.0.0.1:8000 weight=3; server 127.0.0.1:8001; server 127.0.0.1:8002; server 127.0.0.1:8003; } server { listen 80; server_name www.domain.com; location / { proxy_pass http://myproject; } } } This means all requests for / go to the any of the servers listed under upstream XXX, with a preference for port 8000. (/a/5877989) (Short permalink to this answer) Share Share a link to this answer Copy link (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) (The current license for this post: CC BY-SA 3.0) CC BY-SA 3.0 (/posts/5877989/edit) () Improve this answer Follow (69:3:31e,16:5051e8b6fc54a5bb,10:1745006149,16:9f6a331160ea247d,7:5877989,44488a4e0d55f53ba7b3973ad901d2edd87b6c6a2394f93843471c91062f79a1) Follow this answer to receive notifications (/posts/5877989/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2017-03-27 16:10:55Z) Mar 27, 2017 at 16:10 (/users/2302482/bahrom) (Bahrom's user avatar) (/users/2302482/bahrom) Bahrom (reputation score) 4,872 (34 silver badges) 34 34 silver badges (44 bronze badges) 44 44 bronze badges answered (2011-05-04 02:56:03Z) May 4, 2011 at 2:56 (/users/599192/phil-lello) (Phil Lello's user avatar) (/users/599192/phil-lello) Phil Lello Phil Lello (reputation score) 8,639 (2 gold badges) 2 2 gold badges (27 silver badges) 27 27 silver badges (36 bronze badges) 36 36 bronze badges 2 (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 3 why do you precise http {} ? My conf has not this and it works. Just wondering – (/users/106140/olivier-pons) (15,826 reputation) Olivier Pons Commented (2017-06-16 07:56:40Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0) Jun 16, 2017 at 7:56 (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 14 @OlivierPons maybe your config is /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf that is included in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf , which HAS http {} – (/users/3574379/srghma) (5,393 reputation) srghma Commented (2018-03-15 19:47:10Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0) Mar 15, 2018 at 19:47 (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment | (Expand to show all comments on this post) This answer is useful (69:3:31e,16:470ae1e38e559da9,10:1745006149,16:ffbdcb5c1e24fc3f,7:5877943,4b2632f3d3b7f95b819abf9a82d22d65ee19b708bc17814ede3a7ce2e9eff02b) 62 (This answer is not useful) (69:3:31e,16:fc14cbae5d309137,10:1745006149,16:0a5820fc85ec8ef2,7:5877943,67c4851473584c2294eaea8285964810673497b51e8afdb715e861c256d9f83d) Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…) (/posts/5877943/timeline) Show activity on this post. (http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpUpstreamModule) upstream defines a cluster that you can proxy requests to . It's commonly used for defining either a web server cluster for load balancing, or an app server cluster for routing / load balancing. (/a/5877943) (Short permalink to this answer) Share Share a link to this answer Copy link (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) (The current license for this post: CC BY-SA 3.0) CC BY-SA 3.0 (/posts/5877943/edit) () Improve this answer Follow (69:3:31e,16:12518cb9f7155670,10:1745006149,16:5dd8f11c9521c4e0,7:5877943,c1131e484f32ac2b12570987d04275887b4f3fd217a54dc21978e04207f7e5cc) Follow this answer to receive notifications (/posts/5877943/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2017-02-02 13:42:14Z) Feb 2, 2017 at 13:42 (/users/123671/mikemaccana) (mikemaccana's user avatar) (/users/123671/mikemaccana) mikemaccana (reputation score 124,018) 124k (110 gold badges) 110 110 gold badges (432 silver badges) 432 432 silver badges (534 bronze badges) 534 534 bronze badges answered (2011-05-04 02:49:25Z) May 4, 2011 at 2:49 (/users/437025/ben-taitelbaum) (Ben Taitelbaum's user avatar) (/users/437025/ben-taitelbaum) Ben Taitelbaum Ben Taitelbaum (reputation score) 7,413 (3 gold badges) 3 3 gold badges (27 silver badges) 27 27 silver badges (45 bronze badges) 45 45 bronze badges (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment | (Expand to show all comments on this post) This answer is useful (70:3:31e,16:162a35b3da1cd947,10:1745006149,16:692a153213b21441,8:64354447,a234638aefb3b0a49087aef098213d26edc103e521002fb0f54aab2714b112ed) 33 (This answer is not useful) (70:3:31e,16:fc2525095e5facf8,10:1745006149,16:3a2780b1624985b6,8:64354447,ecd37f1bd392118e63d308b34670c52cfbc15048289ffce2c9e28e27736c8081) Save this answer. (Loading when this answer was accepted…) (/posts/64354447/timeline) Show activity on this post. If we have a single server we can directly include it in the proxy_pass directive. For example: server { ... location / { proxy_pass http://192.168.206.105:80; ... } } But in case if we have many servers we use upstream to maintain the servers. Nginx will load-balance based on the incoming traffic, as shown in this (https://stackoverflow.com/a/5877989/2135363) answer . (/a/64354447) (Short permalink to this answer) Share Share a link to this answer Copy link (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) (The current license for this post: CC BY-SA 4.0) CC BY-SA 4.0 (/posts/64354447/edit) () Improve this answer Follow (70:3:31e,16:7a0b79782277a81f,10:1745006149,16:3f085448184e12cf,8:64354447,f5ba99a017d182ebb1c036bd8e3ac877d13df95f9fafc89c11c326a17a3afdc9) Follow this answer to receive notifications (/posts/64354447/revisions) (show all edits to this post) edited (2021-09-22 10:35:08Z) Sep 22, 2021 at 10:35 (/users/2135363/mclan) (McLan's user avatar) (/users/2135363/mclan) McLan (reputation score) 2,698 (9 gold badges) 9 9 gold badges (55 silver badges) 55 55 silver badges (91 bronze badges) 91 91 bronze badges answered (2020-10-14 13:32:38Z) Oct 14, 2020 at 13:32 (/users/6060348/satyanarayana) (satyanarayana's user avatar) (/users/6060348/satyanarayana) satyanarayana satyanarayana (reputation score) 467 (4 silver badges) 4 4 silver badges (4 bronze badges) 4 4 bronze badges 1 (number of 'useful comment' votes received) 2 Thanks. I was trying to upstream for one backend server, got too many open file errors etc. This is what I wanted for a test setup proxying towards Mojolicious. – (/users/300113/hugh-barnard) (352 reputation) Hugh Barnard Commented (2021-05-13 08:40:02Z, License: CC BY-SA 4.0) May 13, 2021 at 8:40 (Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”.) Add a comment | (Expand to show all comments on this post) (5877929) (false) () (0) Your Answer (True) Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Please be sure to answer the question . Provide details and share your research! But avoid … Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. To learn more, see our (/help/how-to-answer) tips on writing great answers . 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